2. Supply
Supply refers to the quantity of a good or service that producers are willing and able to sell at various prices over a given period.
Law of Supply:
- As the price of a good increases, the quantity supplied increases, and vice versa.
Factors Affecting Supply:
- Production Costs: Higher costs reduce supply.
- Technology: Technological advances can increase supply.
- Government Policies: Taxes and subsidies affect supply.
Real-Life Example:
During a drought, the supply of agricultural products like wheat decreases because of poor growing conditions, leading to higher prices in the market.